Los elementos calculados son filas que podemos agregar a la primera columna de una Tabla Dinámica para completar cálculos adicionales que tengamos que hacer. También sirven para agrupar varias filas o para comparar varios valores con otros.
En resumen, los elementos calculados agregan Filas, y los campos calculados agregan columnas a los resultados de la TD. Lo entenderás mejor con un ejemplo.
En la siguiente TD tenemos el total de cada tipo de gasto. Sin embargo, quisiéramos saber si la suma de dos tipos es mayor que la suma del resto.
Para esto deberíamos crear un elemento calculado, que sume los importes.
Este recurso forma parte del curso gratuito de Tablas Dinámicas.
Los pasos son:
1. Seleccionar la Tabla Dinámica
2. Menú Analizar =>
Campos, elementos y conjuntos
3. Elemento Calculado
Se abre una ventana en la cual deberás ingresar el nombre del campo calculado, la formula y luego Aceptar.
Te recomiendo que no escribas el elemento, sino que lo elijas de la lista que aparece a la derecha y luego le das ”Insertar elemento”, esto hará que no tengas errores de tipeo y reducirá los posibles errores en la formula.
Al darle aceptar, verás que se agregó una nueva fila, ese es el elemento calculado.
Si quieres repasar estos conceptos tenemos un video que te muestra todo lo necesario sobre elementos calculados.
El problema que esto genera, es que los datos usados en el elemento calculado estarán duplicados, ya que están, tanto en el elemento calculado como de manera independiente, lo que genera un error en los resultados totales.
Para reparar este error se deberá generar un filtro donde los valores repetidos se oculten, como lo vemos en la siguiente imagen.
De esta manera, no tenemos valores duplicados, no se generan problemas en el total y conseguimos utilizar un elemento calculado.
Otra manera de realizar este procedimiento, es utilizar la herramienta agrupar o como aparece escrito: “Crear grupo de selección”
Para esto, el procedimiento sería seleccionar los elementos a agrupar, por ejemplo, combustible y comida y luego presionar en “Crear grupo de selección”.
Lo que hará Excel es agrupar dichos datos como vemos en la imagen. El nombre que le coloca de manera predeterminado “Grupo1” en donde en la parte superior aparece el total del grupo no interfiere en el total general ni tampoco los datos aparecen duplicados. Lo que además podemos hacer es crear otro grupo donde se agrupen el resto de los datos
Lo que conseguiremos será lo siguiente:
Está sería la manera correcta de agrupar, lo cual no genera valores duplicados, ni tampoco modifica el total general.
Si quieres aumentar tus conocimientos con las Tablas dinámicas puedes hacer totalmente gratis nuestro curso de Tablas Dinámicas (Presiona en la imagen)
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